Saturday, February 26, 2022

A Study of Prophecy - The Messianic Kingdom

Introduction

Topics in this paper include:

 

The Messianic Kingdom in Scripture

The Character of the Messianic Kingdom

The Government of the Messianic Kingdom

The Jewish Branch of Government

The Gentile Branch of Government


Israel in the Messianic Kingdom

Possession of the Land

Reestablishment of the Davidic Throne

Other Characteristics of Israel's Final Restoration


The Millennial Mountain

The Millennial Temple

The Millennial System of Priesthood and Sacrifice

The Millennial River

Millennial Jerusalem

 

Gentiles in the Messianic Kingdom

The Messianic Kingdom in Scripture

Scripture provides a copious amount of evidence that there will be a Kingdom in the future at which time Jesus will sit on His own throne (Rev 3:21) and reign on earth from Jerusalem (Zec 8:3). The details of this evidence, provided by the prophets, reveal that there are unfulfilled promises contained in the Jewish covenants that are yet to come to pass.

This Messianic Kingdom is also mentioned in the Revelation in Rev 20:1-4. In this passage we learn the duration for this kingdom will be 1000 years, hence the term often used, the Millennial Kingdom.

The story of Israel as regards the Millennial Kingdom is spread throughout the Old Testament. Another benefit that the Revelation of Jesus provides is a framework and timetable so that the scattered references can be understood and put into a timeframe.

The Character of the Messianic Kingdom

Righteousness

The Psalmist in chapters 15 and 24 answer the question of who may live in the Messianic Kingdom. The answer is those that are righteous. Such righteousness will arise from regeneration.

Psa 15:1-5 A psalm of David. LORD, who may dwell in your sacred tent? Who may live on your holy mountain? (2) The one whose walk is blameless, who does what is righteous, who speaks the truth from their heart; (3) whose tongue utters no slander, who does no wrong to a neighbor, and casts no slur on others; (4) who despises a vile person but honors those who fear the LORD; who keeps an oath even when it hurts, and does not change their mind; (5) who lends money to the poor without interest; who does not accept a bribe against the innocent. Whoever does these things will never be shaken.

Psa 24:1-6 Of David. A psalm. The earth is the LORD's, and everything in it, the world, and all who live in it; (2) for he founded it on the seas and established it on the waters. (3) Who may ascend the mountain of the LORD? Who may stand in his holy place? (4) The one who has clean hands and a pure heart, who does not trust in an idol or swear by a false god. (5) They will receive blessing from the LORD and vindication from God their Savior. (6) Such is the generation of those who seek him, who seek your face, God of Jacob.

Isa 61:10-11 I delight greatly in the LORD; my soul rejoices in my God. For he has clothed me with garments of salvation and arrayed me in a robe of his righteousness, as a bridegroom adorns his head like a priest, and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels. (11) For as the soil makes the sprout come up and a garden causes seeds to grow, so the Sovereign LORD will make righteousness and praise spring up before all nations.

Peace With Each Other

Isaiah reveals that life in the Messianic Kingdom will be characterized by peace. Jesus Himself will teach us His ways and will judge between the nations and settle disputes.

Isa 2:2-4 In the last days the mountain of the LORD's temple will be established as the highest of the mountains; it will be exalted above the hills, and all nations will stream to it. (3) Many peoples will come and say, "Come, let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the temple of the God of Jacob. He will teach us his ways, so that we may walk in his paths." The law will go out from Zion, the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. (4) He will judge between the nations and will settle disputes for many peoples. They will beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation will not take up sword against nation, nor will they train for war anymore.

Peace With the Animals

The animal kingdom will be at peace with mankind once again.

Isa 11:6-9 The wolf will live with the lamb, the leopard will lie down with the goat, the calf and the lion and the yearling together; and a little child will lead them. (7) The cow will feed with the bear, their young will lie down together, and the lion will eat straw like the ox. (8) The infant will play near the cobra's den, the young child will put its hand into the viper's nest. (9) They will neither harm nor destroy on all my holy mountain, for the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the LORD as the waters cover the sea.

Eze 34:25 "'I will make a covenant of peace with them and rid the land of savage beasts so that they may live in the wilderness and sleep in the forests in safety.

The earth will be in a state of devastation following the Tribulation period. Jesus will rectify this situation through miraculous means, by regenerating the earth and heavens. This is not to be confused with the New Heaven and New Earth of Rev 21 & 22. The New Heaven and New Earth are a brand new order in the Eternal State, while the regeneration of the Kingdom is a renovation of the current heaven and earth.

Prosperity

Jerusalem itself will be a new creation, a delight forever (vs 18), there will be no more weeping or crying (vs 19). Death will be greatly reduced so that only those that are unbelievers are affected by it (vs. 20). We will build our houses and plant our gardens and we will dwell in our own houses and eat the fruit of our own gardens. We will enjoy the work of our hands (vs. 21-23). The passage ends with repeat of Isaiah 11 regarding peace with the animals (vs. 25).

Isa 65:17-18 "See, I will create new heavens and a new earth. The former things will not be remembered, nor will they come to mind. (18) But be glad and rejoice forever in what I will create, for I will create Jerusalem to be a delight and its people a joy.

(19) I will rejoice over Jerusalem and take delight in my people; the sound of weeping and of crying will be heard in it no more. (20) "Never again will there be in it an infant who lives but a few days, or an old man who does not live out his years; the one who dies at a hundred will be thought a mere child; the one who fails to reach a hundred will be considered accursed.

(21) They will build houses and dwell in them; they will plant vineyards and eat their fruit. (22) No longer will they build houses and others live in them, or plant and others eat. For as the days of a tree, so will be the days of my people; my chosen ones will long enjoy the work of their hands. (23) They will not labor in vain, nor will they bear children doomed to misfortune; for they will be a people blessed by the LORD, they and their descendants with them.

(24) Before they call I will answer; while they are still speaking I will hear. (25) The wolf and the lamb will feed together, and the lion will eat straw like the ox, and dust will be the serpent's food. They will neither harm nor destroy on all my holy mountain," says the LORD.

Healing

Isa 35:5-10 Then will the eyes of the blind be opened and the ears of the deaf unstopped. (6) Then will the lame leap like a deer, and the mute tongue shout for joy. Water will gush forth in the wilderness and streams in the desert. (7) The burning sand will become a pool, the thirsty ground bubbling springs. In the haunts where jackals once lay, grass and reeds and papyrus will grow. (8) And a highway will be there; it will be called the Way of Holiness; it will be for those who walk on that Way. The unclean will not journey on it; wicked fools will not go about on it. (9) No lion will be there, nor any ravenous beast; they will not be found there. But only the redeemed will walk there, (10) and those the LORD has rescued will return. They will enter Zion with singing; everlasting joy will crown their heads. Gladness and joy will overtake them, and sorrow and sighing will flee away.

Messianic Teaching

The prophet Micah sees many of the same things that Isaiah sees. People will come to Jerusalem to be taught the Messiah's ways so that they can walk in them (vs. 1-2). Jesus will provide judgment among disputes for people and nations, war will no longer exist (vs. 3). All people will be experience peace and security because God has spoken (vs. 4), and all nations will walk in the name of the Lord (vs. 5).

Mic 4:1-5 In the last days the mountain of the LORD's temple will be established as the highest of the mountains; it will be exalted above the hills, and peoples will stream to it. (2) Many nations will come and say, "Come, let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the temple of the God of Jacob. He will teach us his ways, so that we may walk in his paths." The law will go out from Zion, the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. (3) He will judge between many peoples and will settle disputes for strong nations far and wide. They will beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation will not take up sword against nation, nor will they train for war anymore. (4) Everyone will sit under their own vine and under their own fig tree, and no one will make them afraid, for the LORD Almighty has spoken. (5) All the nations may walk in the name of their gods, but we will walk in the name of the LORD our God for ever and ever.

A question was raised as to the meaning of Mic 4:5, where it is said "All the nations may walk in the name of their gods....". The focus of this passage is that Israel will walk in the name of the Lord our God in the coming Kingdom. The contrasting thought that the nations will walk in the name of their gods has a variety of differing interpretations.

Some claim that this passage refers back to the time of the Israelites as they came out of Babylon, where they saw that the nations walked after their own Gods, and looking to the future Israel declares that they will walk after their God Yahweh.

Some claim that this passage refers to the gradual nature of the nations in their life in the Kingdom coming to the God of Israel. Although we will all start off as believers in the Kingdom, there is the stickiness of our idols (wealth, money, toys) resisting expulsion from our lives.

In any case, what can be known for sure is that these nations and these gods will not hinder the work of Jesus in the Kingdom to bring restoration and renewal to the earth.

The Government of the Messianic Kingdom

The reign of the Messiah from David's throne in Jerusalem is the subject of a great number of Old Testament prophecies. 2Samuel 7 tells us of the character of the Davidic Covenant.

David is honored by the Lord.

2Sa 7:8-9 "Now then, tell my servant David, 'This is what the LORD Almighty says: I took you from the pasture, from tending the flock, and appointed you ruler over my people Israel. (9) I have been with you wherever you have gone, and I have cut off all your enemies from before you. Now I will make your name great, like the names of the greatest men on earth.

These passages indicate a future time. Israel is not yet in a place where they are not disturbed and not oppressed.

(10) And I will provide a place for my people Israel and will plant them so that they can have a home of their own and no longer be disturbed. Wicked people will not oppress them anymore, as they did at the beginning (11) and have done ever since the time I appointed leaders over my people Israel. I will also give you rest from all your enemies. "'The LORD declares to you that the LORD himself will establish a house for you:

These passages indicate that there will be a future kingdom set up that will last forever.

(12) When your days are over and you rest with your ancestors, I will raise up your offspring to succeed you, your own flesh and blood, and I will establish his kingdom. (13) He is the one who will build a house for my Name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever.

These passages speak of the Messiah as His kingdom and throne is stated to last forever.

(14) I will be his father, and he will be my son. When he does wrong, I will punish him with a rod wielded by men, with floggings inflicted by human hands. (15) But my love will never be taken away from him, as I took it away from Saul, whom I removed from before you. (16) Your house and your kingdom will endure forever before me; your throne will be established forever.'"

Another passage that speaks of the character of the Davidic throne is 1Ch 17:10-14.

1Ch 17:9-14 And I will provide a place for my people Israel and will plant them so that they can have a home of their own and no longer be disturbed. Wicked people will not oppress them anymore, as they did at the beginning (10) and have done ever since the time I appointed leaders over my people Israel. I will also subdue all your enemies. "'I declare to you that the LORD will build a house for you:

Messiah's reign declared.

(11) When your days are over and you go to be with your ancestors, I will raise up your offspring to succeed you, one of your own sons, and I will establish his kingdom. (12) He is the one who will build a house for me, and I will establish his throne forever. (13) I will be his father, and he will be my son. I will never take my love away from him, as I took it away from your predecessor. (14) I will set him over my house and my kingdom forever; his throne will be established forever.'"

Although this passage does not specifically state that this was a covenant, other passages refer to it as a covenant.

2Ch 7:18 I will establish your royal throne, as I covenanted with David your father when I said, 'You shall never fail to have a successor to rule over Israel.'

2Ch 21:7 Nevertheless, because of the covenant the LORD had made with David, the LORD was not willing to destroy the house of David. He had promised to maintain a lamp for him and his descendants forever.

Psa 89:3-4 You said, "I have made a covenant with my chosen one, I have sworn to David my servant, (4) 'I will establish your line forever and make your throne firm through all generations.'"

Jesus as King - Establishment of the Throne

Psalm 2 indicates that Jesus will be set up on His throne in Zion, His Holy Mountain, which is Jerusalem, where David's throne was. Jesus will have the nations and the far reaches of the earth as His possession.

Psa 2:6-8 “I have set up My king upon Zion, My holy mountain.” (7) I will declare the decree of Adonai. He said to me: “You are My Son—today I have become Your Father. (8) Ask Me, and I will give the nations as Your inheritance, and the far reaches of the earth as Your possession.

The throne of David will be in Jerusalem. This will be the world headquarters for the Messianic Kingdom, from which rule over the whole earth will take place. This kingdom will last forevermore.

Isa 9:5-6 For to us a child is born, a son will be given to us, and the government will be upon His shoulder. His Name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God My Father of Eternity, Prince of Peace. (6) Of the increase of His government and shalom there will be no end—on the throne of David and over His kingdom—to establish it and uphold it through justice and righteousness from now until forevermore. The zeal of Adonai-Tzva’ot will accomplish this.

Isa 16:5 A throne will be established in mercy, and One will sit on it in truth—in the tent of David—One who seeks justice and is ready for righteousness.

Jer 23:5-6 “Behold, days are coming”—it is a declaration of Adonai—“when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, and He will reign as king wisely, and execute justice and righteousness in the land. (6) In His days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell in safely; and this is His Name by which He will be called: Adonai our righteousness.

God Himself will establish King Jesus on His throne.

Jer 33:14-17 “Behold, days are coming”—it is a declaration of Adonai—“when I will fulfill the good word I spoke concerning the house of Israel and concerning the house of Judah. (15) In those days and at that time, I will cause a Branch of Righteousness to spring up for David, and He will execute justice and righteousness in the land. (16) In those days will Judah be saved, and Jerusalem will dwell safely. And this is the Name by which He will be called: Adonai our Righteousness.” (17) For thus says Adonai: “For David, there will not be cut off a man sitting on the throne of the house of Israel,

Zechariah confirms Jesus' reign over all the earth.

Zec 14:9 Adonai will then be King over all the earth. In that day Adonai will be Echad and His Name Echad.

Luke reports that Yeshua will be great and He will be given the throne of David. The unending existence is emphasized again.

Luk 1:30-33 The angel spoke to her, “Do not be afraid, Miriam, for you have found favor with God. (31) Behold, you will become pregnant and give birth to a son, and you shall call His name Yeshua. (32) He will be great and will be called Ben-Elyon. Adonai Elohim will give Him the throne of David, His father. (33) He shall reign over the house of Jacob for all eternity, and His kingdom will be without end.”

Jesus as King - The Character of His Reign

Jesus will rule with a "rod of iron". This indicates the strictness of His rule. Following the Sheep and Goat judgment, those who have been judged as sheep and who enter the kingdom will do so in their mortal bodies. They will all be believers, as the judgment shows, but those born to them may or may not be. In both these cases, the sin nature will still be present. The natural outworking of this sin nature will need to be restrained.

Psa 2:9 You will break them with a rod of iron; you will dash them to pieces like pottery."

Rev 12:5 She gave birth to a son, a male child, who "will rule all the nations with an iron scepter." And her child was snatched up to God and to his throne.

Rev 19:15 Coming out of his mouth is a sharp sword with which to strike down the nations. "He will rule them with an iron scepter." He treads the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God Almighty.

The entrance of the King is detailed.

Psa 24:7-10 Lift up your heads, you gates; be lifted up, you ancient doors, that the King of glory may come in. (8) Who is this King of glory? The LORD strong and mighty, the LORD mighty in battle. (9) Lift up your heads, you gates; lift them up, you ancient doors, that the King of glory may come in. (10) Who is he, this King of glory? The LORD Almighty-- he is the King of glory.

The entire chapter of Psalms 72 details the character of Jesus' reign during the Messianic Kingdom.

Psa 72:1-20 Of Solomon. Endow the king with your justice, O God, the royal son with your righteousness. (2) May he judge your people in righteousness, your afflicted ones with justice.

(3) May the mountains bring prosperity to the people, the hills the fruit of righteousness.

(4) May he defend the afflicted among the people and save the children of the needy; may he crush the oppressor. (5) May he endure as long as the sun, as long as the moon, through all generations. (6) May he be like rain falling on a mown field, like showers watering the earth. (7) In his days may the righteous flourish and prosperity abound till the moon is no more. (8) May he rule from sea to sea and from the River to the ends of the earth.

(9) May the desert tribes bow before him and his enemies lick the dust. (10) May the kings of Tarshish and of distant shores bring tribute to him. May the kings of Sheba and Seba present him gifts. (11) May all kings bow down to him and all nations serve him.

(12) For he will deliver the needy who cry out, the afflicted who have no one to help. (13) He will take pity on the weak and the needy and save the needy from death. (14) He will rescue them from oppression and violence, for precious is their blood in his sight.

(15) Long may he live! May gold from Sheba be given him. May people ever pray for him and bless him all day long.

(16) May grain abound throughout the land; on the tops of the hills may it sway. May the crops flourish like Lebanon and thrive like the grass of the field.

(17) May his name endure forever; may it continue as long as the sun. Then all nations will be blessed through him, and they will call him blessed. (18) Praise be to the LORD God, the God of Israel, who alone does marvelous deeds. (19) Praise be to his glorious name forever; may the whole earth be filled with his glory. Amen and Amen. (20) This concludes the prayers of David son of Jesse.

Isaiah provides detail regarding Jesus' reign.

Isa 11:1-5 A shoot will come up from the stump of Jesse; from his roots a Branch will bear fruit. (2) The Spirit of the LORD will rest on him-- the Spirit of wisdom and of understanding, the Spirit of counsel and of might, the Spirit of the knowledge and fear of the LORD-- (3) and he will delight in the fear of the LORD. He will not judge by what he sees with his eyes, or decide by what he hears with his ears;

(4) but with righteousness he will judge the needy, with justice he will give decisions for the poor of the earth. He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouth; with the breath of his lips he will slay the wicked. (5) Righteousness will be his belt and faithfulness the sash around his waist.

The Gentile Branch of Government - The Church and Tribulation Saints

Old Testament scripture regarding the Messianic Kingdom reveals that Jesus will delegate authority in two branches of government. There will be a Jewish branch and a Gentile branch. Scripture shows that each branch will have it's own hierarchy.

In Rev 20:4-6 John sees three groups of people. First is "those who had been given authority to judge". This group had been given this authority during the Bema Judgment for rewards at some time in the past, and currently were seated on thrones. This group will consist of those who previously were brought up to where Jesus was in the Rapture (Joh 14:1-3).

The second group John sees are "those who had been beheaded because of their testimony about Jesus" (Rev 6:9-11). This group was present on earth during the Great Tribulation, and had not worshiped the beast nor taking his mark. This group came to life and reigned with the saints who were previously Raptured. These two groups together will be priests of God and will reign with Jesus over the Gentile nations for 1000 years. They will be the King's representative authority and will carry out the King's decrees to the nations.

The third group John sees are the wicked, those who worshiped the beast and took his mark. These remain in Sheol (Luk 16:19-31) awaiting the Great White Throne judgment at the end of the 1000 years (Rev 20:11-15).

Rev 20:4-6 I saw thrones on which were seated those who had been given authority to judge. And I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded because of their testimony about Jesus and because of the word of God. They had not worshiped the beast or its image and had not received its mark on their foreheads or their hands. They came to life and reigned with Christ a thousand years. (5) (The rest of the dead did not come to life until the thousand years were ended.) This is the first resurrection. (6) Blessed and holy are those who share in the first resurrection. The second death has no power over them, but they will be priests of God and of Christ and will reign with him for a thousand years.

The Gentile Branch of Government - The Kings

The nations will have kings over them. These kings will have entered into or be born into the Kingdom in their natural bodies. They will be under the church and tribulation saints.

Psa 72:10-11 May the kings of Tarshish and of distant shores bring tribute to him. May the kings of Sheba and Seba present him gifts. (11) May all kings bow down to him and all nations serve him.

The Jewish Branch of Government - David, King and Prince

The Resurrected King David will report directly to the Messianic King Jesus.

Jer 30:9 Instead, they will serve the LORD their God and David their king, whom I will raise up for them.

Israel will be ruled by King David.

Eze 34:23-24 I will place over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he will tend them; he will tend them and be their shepherd. (24) I the LORD will be their God, and my servant David will be prince among them. I the LORD have spoken.

David is referred to as both prince and king. From God's perspective, he is a prince, and from Israel's perspective he is a king.

Eze 37:24-25 "'My servant David will be king over them, and they will all have one shepherd. They will follow my laws and be careful to keep my decrees. (25) They will live in the land I gave to my servant Jacob, the land where your ancestors lived. They and their children and their children's children will live there forever, and David my servant will be their prince forever.

Hosea confirms the point that when Israel's kingdom is restored to them, they will be subservient to both the Messiah and David.

Hos 3:5 Afterward the Israelites will return and seek the LORD their God and David their king. They will come trembling to the LORD and to his blessings in the last days.

The Jewish Branch of Government - The 12 Apostles Over the 12 Tribes

Under King David will be the 12 Apostles. The Apostles will rule over the 12 Tribes of Israel.

Mat 19:28 Jesus said to them, "Truly I tell you, at the renewal of all things, when the Son of Man sits on his glorious throne, you who have followed me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

Luk 22:28-30 You are those who have stood by me in my trials. (29) And I confer on you a kingdom, just as my Father conferred one on me, (30) so that you may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom and sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

The Jewish Branch of Government - The Princes

Under the hierarchy of Jesus, Kings, King David, the Apostles, there are princes.

Isa 32:1 (NASB) Behold, a king will reign righteously And princes will rule justly.

Some of what the princes will be in charge of will be the distribution of the land among the Jewish tribes.

Eze 45:8 This land will be his possession in Israel. And my princes will no longer oppress my people but will allow the people of Israel to possess the land according to their tribes.

The resurrected Zurubbabel could very well be one of the princes.

Hag 2:20-23 The word of the LORD came to Haggai a second time on the twenty-fourth day of the month: (21) "Tell Zerubbabel governor of Judah that I am going to shake the heavens and the earth. (22) I will overturn royal thrones and shatter the power of the foreign kingdoms. I will overthrow chariots and their drivers; horses and their riders will fall, each by the sword of his brother. (23) "'On that day,' declares the LORD Almighty, 'I will take you, my servant Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel,' declares the LORD, 'and I will make you like my signet ring, for I have chosen you,' declares the LORD Almighty."

The Jewish Branch of Government - Judges and Councilors

Additional government positions are mentioned as well. There are judges and counselors.

Isa 1:26 "Then I will restore your judges as at the first, And your counselors as at the beginning; After that you will be called the city of righteousness, A faithful city."

The Jewish Branch of Government - Israel Over the Gentiles

In this government of the Millennial Kingdom, Israel will be over the Gentiles. This is a part of the promises given to Israel in Deuteronomy.

Deu 15:6 "For the LORD your God will bless you as He has promised you, and you will lend to many nations, but you will not borrow; and you will rule over many nations, but they will not rule over you.

Deu 28:1 If you fully obey the LORD your God and carefully follow all his commands I give you today, the LORD your God will set you high above all the nations on earth.

Deu 28:13 "The LORD will make you the head and not the tail, and you only will be above, and you will not be underneath, if you listen to the commandments of the LORD your God, which I charge you today, to observe them carefully,

Isa 14:1-2 When the LORD will have compassion on Jacob and again choose Israel, and settle them in their own land, then strangers will join them and attach themselves to the house of Jacob. (2) The peoples will take them along and bring them to their place, and the house of Israel will possess them as an inheritance in the land of the LORD as male servants and female servants; and they will take their captors captive and will rule over their oppressors.

Israel in the Messianic Kingdom

Four Facets of Israel's Final Restoration

The Regeneration of Israel on the Basis of The New Covenant

Israel's regeneration comes as a result of their repentant hearts and crying out for Messiah to return. Jesus lamented over Jerusalem as His crucifixion drew near, saying that the Jewish people would not see Him again until the cried out for the Messiah.

Mat 23:37-39 "Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, and you were not willing. (38) Look, your house is left to you desolate. (39) For I tell you, you will not see me again until you say, 'Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.'"

When that day comes, when Israel cries out to the Messiah, they will respond in sorrow to their treatment of Him in the past.

Zec 12:10 "And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and supplication. They will look on me, the one they have pierced, and they will mourn for him as one mourns for an only child, and grieve bitterly for him as one grieves for a firstborn son.

This will lead to their salvation. Paul speaks of "my covenant" which will be a covenant with national Israel. Isaiah foresees this covenant which is yet to come:

Isa 59:20-21 "I set my people free. I will come to Mount Zion. I will come to those in Jacob's family who turn away from their sins," announces the LORD. (21) "Here is the covenant I will make with them," says the LORD. "My Spirit is on you. I have put my words in your mouth. They will never leave your mouth. And they will never leave the mouths of your children or their children after them. That will be true for all time to come," says the LORD.

Isa 29:22-24 Therefore this is what the LORD, who redeemed Abraham, says to the descendants of Jacob: "No longer will Jacob be ashamed; no longer will their faces grow pale. (23) When they see among them their children, the work of my hands, they will keep my name holy; they will acknowledge the holiness of the Holy One of Jacob, and will stand in awe of the God of Israel. (24) Those who are wayward in spirit will gain understanding; those who complain will accept instruction."

Isa 44:1-5 "But now listen, Jacob, my servant, Israel, whom I have chosen. (2) This is what the LORD says-- he who made you, who formed you in the womb, and who will help you: Do not be afraid, Jacob, my servant, Jeshurun, whom I have chosen. (3) For I will pour water on the thirsty land, and streams on the dry ground; I will pour out my Spirit on your offspring, and my blessing on your descendants. (4) They will spring up like grass in a meadow, like poplar trees by flowing streams. (5) Some will say, 'I belong to the LORD'; others will call themselves by the name of Jacob; still others will write on their hand, 'The LORD's,' and will take the name Israel.

Isa 45:17 But Israel will be saved by the LORD with an everlasting salvation; you will never be put to shame or disgraced, to ages everlasting.

Other passages speaking of Israel's future regeneration include: (Jer 24:7, Jer 50:19-20, Eze 11:19-20, Eze 36:25-27, Hos 1:10-11 to Hos 2:1, Hos 14:4-8, Joel 2:28-32, Mic 7:18-20, Zep 3:9-13)

Paul, reading these Old Testament passages understands them to mean that "all Israel will be saved", meaning that all the people of Israel who are alive at the time the covenant is put into place.

Rom 11:25-27 I do not want you to be ignorant of this mystery, brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited: Israel has experienced a hardening in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in, (26) and in this way all Israel will be saved. As it is written: "The deliverer will come from Zion; he will turn godlessness away from Jacob. (27) And this is my covenant with them when I take away their sins."

Jeremiah describes this covenant under which Israel as a whole nation will made new. Jeremiah refers to it as a "new covenant", from which we get the title "The New Covenant".

Jer 31:31-34 "The days are coming," declares the LORD, "when I will make a new covenant with the people of Israel and with the people of Judah. (32) It will not be like the covenant I made with their ancestors when I took them by the hand to lead them out of Egypt, because they broke my covenant, though I was a husband to them," declares the LORD. (33) "This is the covenant I will make with the people of Israel after that time," declares the LORD. "I will put my law in their minds and write it on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be my people. (34) No longer will they teach their neighbor, or say to one another, 'Know the LORD,' because they will all know me, from the least of them to the greatest," declares the LORD. "For I will forgive their wickedness and will remember their sins no more."

The Regathering of Israel on the Basis of the Land Covenant

As a result of Israel's repentant heart, which is an outworking of the Tribulation period of the final 7 of 490 years probation for sin, they will be restored to the land expanding to include the entirety of the boundaries originally promised to them. The text supporting Israel's return to the land following regeneration is found in Deu 29:1-29 continuing with Deu 30:1-20.

The Land Covenant makes the following statements:

  • The Land Covenant is a different covenant than the Mosaic Covenant (Deu 29:1).

  • A brief history of Israel's 40 years in the wilderness (Deu 29:2-9).

  • A Covenant will be made (Deu 29:10-13).

  • A warning not to turn away from the Lord (Deu 29:14-21).

  • A prediction that Israel will indeed turn away from the lord (Deu 29:22-29).

  • In spite of Israel turning away from the Lord, their will be a regeneration and a regathering following their regeneration (Deu 30:1-10).

  • Additional admonitions and warnings close the pericope (Deu 30:11-20).

The outworking of this covenant is foretold by Isaiah and several other prophets.

For additional detail regarding the regeneration and regathering of Israel to their land see: (https://www.tojesusbeallglory.com/2021/11/a-study-of-prophecy-regeneration-and.html).

Isaiah sees God reach out a second time. The first time God reached out his hand is during the present regathering for wrath on unbelieving Israel. This first time is in preparation for the Tribulation period, and is happening today. When God reaches out the second time it will be in preparation for the Millennial Kingdom and blessing.

Isa 11:11-12 In that day the Lord will reach out his hand a second time to reclaim the surviving remnant of his people from Assyria, from Lower Egypt, from Upper Egypt, from Cush, from Elam, from Babylonia, from Hamath and from the islands of the Mediterranean. (12) He will raise a banner for the nations and gather the exiles of Israel; he will assemble the scattered people of Judah from the four quarters of the earth.

Isaiah sees in this passage regenerated Israel being gathered up one by one and brought to worship God on the holy mountain, which is in Jerusalem.

Isa 27:12-13 In that day the LORD will thresh from the flowing Euphrates to the Wadi of Egypt, and you, Israel, will be gathered up one by one. (13) And in that day a great trumpet will sound. Those who were perishing in Assyria and those who were exiled in Egypt will come and worship the LORD on the holy mountain in Jerusalem.

Here again Isaiah foresees the magnitude of the restoration to the land, it is world wide.

Isa 43:5-7 Do not be afraid, for I am with you; I will bring your children from the east and gather you from the west. (6) I will say to the north, 'Give them up!' and to the south, 'Do not hold them back.' Bring my sons from afar and my daughters from the ends of the earth-- (7) everyone who is called by my name, whom I created for my glory, whom I formed and made."

Jeremiah speaks to this regathering as a monumental event, as was the Exodus from Egypt. The second regathering for blessing in the Millennial Kingdom will be remembered and overshadow the Exodus.

Jer 16:14-15 "However, the days are coming," declares the LORD, "when it will no longer be said, 'As surely as the LORD lives, who brought the Israelites up out of Egypt,' (15) but it will be said, 'As surely as the LORD lives, who brought the Israelites up out of the land of the north and out of all the countries where he had banished them.' For I will restore them to the land I gave their ancestors.

Jesus, in the Olivet Discourse speaks about this regathering at the conclusion of the Tribulation period.

Mat 24:29-31 "Immediately after the distress of those days "'the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from the sky, and the heavenly bodies will be shaken.' (30) "Then will appear the sign of the Son of Man in heaven. And then all the peoples of the earth will mourn when they see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven, with power and great glory. (31) And he will send his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other.

Other passages that speak about the second regathering are: (Jer 23:3-4, Jer 23:7-8, Jer 31:7-10, Eze 11:14-18, Eze 36:24, Amos 9:14-15, Zep 3:18-20, Zec 10:8-12).

The Possession of the Land on the Basis of the Abrahamic Covenant

Although Israel was promised the land in the everlasting and unconditional Abrahamic and Land Covenants, their use of the land was conditional. While Israel in it's unregenerate state repeatedly turned away from the Lord and lost the use of the land, the prophets have made it clear that at Israel's regeneration at the end of the Tribulation period, they will satisfy the requirements for the use of the land.

At the time God came to Abraham, He told Abraham to go to this land that Israel was to be given.

Gen 12:1 The LORD had said to Abram, "Go from your country, your people and your father's household to the land I will show you.

Abraham was told that he would be made into a great nation, this being the nation of Israel.

Gen 12:2-3 "I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you; I will make your name great, and you will be a blessing. (3) I will bless those who bless you, and whoever curses you I will curse; and all peoples on earth will be blessed through you."

Abraham was told that the land that God had brought him to would be given to his offspring.

Gen 12:7 The LORD appeared to Abram and said, "To your offspring I will give this land." So he built an altar there to the LORD, who had appeared to him.

The "offspring" was defined for Abraham by God, who told him that his offspring would be his own flesh and blood.

Gen 15:3-4 And Abram said, "You have given me no children; so a servant in my household will be my heir." (4) Then the word of the LORD came to him: "This man will not be your heir, but a son who is your own flesh and blood will be your heir."

The exact boundaries of this land were specified by God to Abraham.

Gen 15:18-21 On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram and said, "To your descendants I give this land, from the Wadi of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates-- (19) the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, (20) Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaites, (21) Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites and Jebusites."

The covenant was confirmed to Isaac, Abraham's flesh and blood descendant.

Gen 26:2-5 The LORD appeared to Isaac and said, "Do not go down to Egypt; live in the land where I tell you to live. (3) Stay in this land for a while, and I will be with you and will bless you. For to you and your descendants I will give all these lands and will confirm the oath I swore to your father Abraham. (4) I will make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky and will give them all these lands, and through your offspring all nations on earth will be blessed, (5) because Abraham obeyed me and did everything I required of him, keeping my commands, my decrees and my instructions."

The covenant was confirmed to Jacob, Abraham's flesh and blood descendant.

Gen 28:13-15 There above it stood the LORD, and he said: "I am the LORD, the God of your father Abraham and the God of Isaac. I will give you and your descendants the land on which you are lying. (14) Your descendants will be like the dust of the earth, and you will spread out to the west and to the east, to the north and to the south. All peoples on earth will be blessed through you and your offspring. (15) I am with you and will watch over you wherever you go, and I will bring you back to this land. I will not leave you until I have done what I have promised you."

The above shows the chain of the promise to Abraham and his flesh and blood descendants of the land. The promise of the land is unconditional and everlasting, and Gen 15:12 shows that God Himself was the only signatory party to the covenant.

Below is the prophetic string showing that Israel's future regeneration will finally meet the conditions required to actually possess and use the land.

The Levitical Law provides the conditions for the land's use. Those conditions, as detailed above, require Israel to confess their sins, which stem from turning away from the Lord. If they turn back, as they will during the regeneration of national Israel, God will remember the land.

Lev 26:40-45 "'But if they will confess their sins and the sins of their ancestors--their unfaithfulness and their hostility toward me, (41) which made me hostile toward them so that I sent them into the land of their enemies--then when their uncircumcised hearts are humbled and they pay for their sin, (42) I will remember my covenant with Jacob and my covenant with Isaac and my covenant with Abraham, and I will remember the land. (43) For the land will be deserted by them and will enjoy its sabbaths while it lies desolate without them. They will pay for their sins because they rejected my laws and abhorred my decrees. (44) Yet in spite of this, when they are in the land of their enemies, I will not reject them or abhor them so as to destroy them completely, breaking my covenant with them. I am the LORD their God. (45) But for their sake I will remember the covenant with their ancestors whom I brought out of Egypt in the sight of the nations to be their God. I am the LORD.'"

God's remembrance of the land will bring about blessings for the people of Israel who will live there. In the following passages the productivity of the land is emphasized.

Isa 30:23-26 He will also send you rain for the seed you sow in the ground, and the food that comes from the land will be rich and plentiful. In that day your cattle will graze in broad meadows. (24) The oxen and donkeys that work the soil will eat fodder and mash, spread out with fork and shovel. (25) In the day of great slaughter, when the towers fall, streams of water will flow on every high mountain and every lofty hill. (26) The moon will shine like the sun, and the sunlight will be seven times brighter, like the light of seven full days, when the LORD binds up the bruises of his people and heals the wounds he inflicted.

Isa 35:1-2 The desert and the parched land will be glad; the wilderness will rejoice and blossom. Like the crocus, (2) it will burst into bloom; it will rejoice greatly and shout for joy. The glory of Lebanon will be given to it, the splendor of Carmel and Sharon; they will see the glory of the LORD, the splendor of our God.

Isa 65:21-24 They will build houses and dwell in them; they will plant vineyards and eat their fruit. (22) No longer will they build houses and others live in them, or plant and others eat. For as the days of a tree, so will be the days of my people; my chosen ones will long enjoy the work of their hands. (23) They will not labor in vain, nor will they bear children doomed to misfortune; for they will be a people blessed by the LORD, they and their descendants with them. (24) Before they call I will answer; while they are still speaking I will hear.

Jer 31:11-14 For the LORD will deliver Jacob and redeem them from the hand of those stronger than they. (12) They will come and shout for joy on the heights of Zion; they will rejoice in the bounty of the LORD-- the grain, the new wine and the olive oil, the young of the flocks and herds. They will be like a well-watered garden, and they will sorrow no more. (13) Then young women will dance and be glad, young men and old as well. I will turn their mourning into gladness; I will give them comfort and joy instead of sorrow. (14) I will satisfy the priests with abundance, and my people will be filled with my bounty," declares the LORD.

God has promised to bring Israel back to their land.

Eze 20:42-44 Then you will know that I am the LORD, when I bring you into the land of Israel, the land I had sworn with uplifted hand to give to your ancestors. (43) There you will remember your conduct and all the actions by which you have defiled yourselves, and you will loathe yourselves for all the evil you have done. (44) You will know that I am the LORD, when I deal with you for my name's sake and not according to your evil ways and your corrupt practices, you people of Israel, declares the Sovereign LORD.'"

Other passages that speak of the use and blessing of the land are (Deu 30:5, Isa 27:12, Jer 31:1-6, Eze 28:25-26, Eze 34:25-31, Eze 36:8-15, Eze 36:28-38, Joel 2:18-27, Joel 3:18, Amos 9:13)

The Reestablishment of the Davidic Throne on the Basis of the Davidic Covenant

A fourth facet of Israel's restoration has to do with the throne of David in Jerusalem, from which Jesus will rule with a rod of iron. As referenced earlier, the passages that speak of this Davidic Covenant are 2Sa 7:11-16 and 1Ch 17:10-14. These two passages speak of an everlasting kingdom that will never end. Jesus is the King that will rule from that throne in the Millennial Kingdom.

Jeremiah speaks about a coming time when God will raise up Jesus as King who will reign with wisdom and justice.

Jer 23:5-6 "The days are coming," declares the LORD, "when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, a King who will reign wisely and do what is just and right in the land. (6) In his days Judah will be saved and Israel will live in safety. This is the name by which he will be called: The LORD Our Righteous Savior.

Isaiah sees a wise King over a kingdom that will never end.

Isa 9:6-7 For to us a child is born, to us a son is given, and the government will be on his shoulders. And he will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. (7) Of the greatness of his government and peace there will be no end. He will reign on David's throne and over his kingdom, establishing and upholding it with justice and righteousness from that time on and forever. The zeal of the LORD Almighty will accomplish this.

The Psalmist declares the future kingdom, that it will be established forever.

Psa 89:3-4 You said, "I have made a covenant with my chosen one, I have sworn to David my servant, (4) 'I will establish your line forever and make your throne firm through all generations.'"

Psa 89:29 I will establish his line forever, his throne as long as the heavens endure.

Psa 89:34-37 I will not violate my covenant or alter what my lips have uttered. (35) Once for all, I have sworn by my holiness-- and I will not lie to David-- (36) that his line will continue forever and his throne endure before me like the sun; (37) it will be established forever like the moon, the faithful witness in the sky."

Jeremiah shows that the covenant in which Jesus rules and reigns from a throne in Jerusalem can never be broken. It will occur just as the prophets have declared it to be.

Jer 33:20-22 "This is what the LORD says: 'If you can break my covenant with the day and my covenant with the night, so that day and night no longer come at their appointed time, (21) then my covenant with David my servant--and my covenant with the Levites who are priests ministering before me--can be broken and David will no longer have a descendant to reign on his throne. (22) I will make the descendants of David my servant and the Levites who minister before me as countless as the stars in the sky and as measureless as the sand on the seashore.'"

Amos speaks about the Davidic Covenant and illuminates the global nature of Jesus's rule. David's fallen shelter refers to the loss of the kingdom during the Babylonian captivity, and it's future restoration as it used to be. He adds that the throne is restored to Jesus so that it may possess the nations that bear His name.

Amos 9:11-12 "In that day "I will restore David's fallen shelter-- I will repair its broken walls and restore its ruins-- and will rebuild it as it used to be, (12) so that they may possess the remnant of Edom and all the nations that bear my name," declares the LORD, who will do these things.

Luke records his understanding that the child, Jesus is destined to be great and to be given the throne of His father David, and that this kingdom will never end.

Luk 1:32-33 He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. The Lord God will give him the throne of his father David, (33) and he will reign over Jacob's descendants forever; his kingdom will never end."

Other Characteristics of Israel's Final Restoration

These are some characteristics that may or may note be related to a specific covenant, but nonetheless show additional characteristics of Israel's regeneration and regathering in the land.

Israel is reunited as a nation.

Jer 3:18 In those days the people of Judah will join the people of Israel, and together they will come from a northern land to the land I gave your ancestors as an inheritance.

Ezekiel dedicates a whole chapter to this concept of a united Israel in Chapter 37. An excerpt:

Eze 37:21-22 and say to them, 'This is what the Sovereign LORD says: I will take the Israelites out of the nations where they have gone. I will gather them from all around and bring them back into their own land. (22) I will make them one nation in the land, on the mountains of Israel. There will be one king over all of them and they will never again be two nations or be divided into two kingdoms.

Israel will be the center of Gentile attention.

Isa 14:1-2 The LORD will have compassion on Jacob; once again he will choose Israel and will settle them in their own land. Foreigners will join them and unite with the descendants of Jacob. (2) Nations will take them and bring them to their own place. And Israel will take possession of the nations and make them male and female servants in the LORD's land. They will make captives of their captors and rule over their oppressors.

Isa 49:22-23 This is what the Sovereign LORD says: "See, I will beckon to the nations, I will lift up my banner to the peoples; they will bring your sons in their arms and carry your daughters on their hips. (23) Kings will be your foster fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers. They will bow down before you with their faces to the ground; they will lick the dust at your feet. Then you will know that I am the LORD; those who hope in me will not be disappointed."

Isa 60:1-3 "Arise, shine, for your light has come, and the glory of the LORD rises upon you. (2) See, darkness covers the earth and thick darkness is over the peoples, but the LORD rises upon you and his glory appears over you. (3) Nations will come to your light, and kings to the brightness of your dawn.

Isa 61:4-9 They will rebuild the ancient ruins and restore the places long devastated; they will renew the ruined cities that have been devastated for generations. (5) Strangers will shepherd your flocks; foreigners will work your fields and vineyards. (6) And you will be called priests of the LORD, you will be named ministers of our God. You will feed on the wealth of nations, and in their riches you will boast. (7) Instead of your shame you will receive a double portion, and instead of disgrace you will rejoice in your inheritance. And so you will inherit a double portion in your land, and everlasting joy will be yours. (8) "For I, the LORD, love justice; I hate robbery and wrongdoing. In my faithfulness I will reward my people and make an everlasting covenant with them. (9) Their descendants will be known among the nations and their offspring among the peoples. All who see them will acknowledge that they are a people the LORD has blessed."

Mic 7:14-17 Shepherd your people with your staff, the flock of your inheritance, which lives by itself in a forest, in fertile pasturelands. Let them feed in Bashan and Gilead as in days long ago. (15) "As in the days when you came out of Egypt, I will show them my wonders." (16) Nations will see and be ashamed, deprived of all their power. They will put their hands over their mouths and their ears will become deaf. (17) They will lick dust like a snake, like creatures that crawl on the ground. They will come trembling out of their dens; they will turn in fear to the LORD our God and will be afraid of you.

Zep 3:20 At that time I will gather you; at that time I will bring you home. I will give you honor and praise among all the peoples of the earth when I restore your fortunes before your very eyes," says the LORD.

Zec 8:23 This is what the LORD Almighty says: "In those days ten people from all languages and nations will take firm hold of one Jew by the hem of his robe and say, 'Let us go with you, because we have heard that God is with you.'"

Righteousness, Holiness, Peace, Security, Joy and Gladness will characterize the Kingdom.

Isa 32:16-20 The LORD's justice will dwell in the desert, his righteousness live in the fertile field. (17) The fruit of that righteousness will be peace; its effect will be quietness and confidence forever. (18) My people will live in peaceful dwelling places, in secure homes, in undisturbed places of rest. (19) Though hail flattens the forest and the city is leveled completely, (20) how blessed you will be, sowing your seed by every stream, and letting your cattle and donkeys range free.

Isa 35:5-10 Then will the eyes of the blind be opened and the ears of the deaf unstopped. (6) Then will the lame leap like a deer, and the mute tongue shout for joy. Water will gush forth in the wilderness and streams in the desert. (7) The burning sand will become a pool, the thirsty ground bubbling springs. In the haunts where jackals once lay, grass and reeds and papyrus will grow. (8) And a highway will be there; it will be called the Way of Holiness; it will be for those who walk on that Way. The unclean will not journey on it; wicked fools will not go about on it. (9) No lion will be there, nor any ravenous beast; they will not be found there. But only the redeemed will walk there, (10) and those the LORD has rescued will return. They will enter Zion with singing; everlasting joy will crown their heads. Gladness and joy will overtake them, and sorrow and sighing will flee away.

Isa 51:3 The LORD will surely comfort Zion and will look with compassion on all her ruins; he will make her deserts like Eden, her wastelands like the garden of the LORD. Joy and gladness will be found in her, thanksgiving and the sound of singing.

Isa 55:12-13 You will go out in joy and be led forth in peace; the mountains and hills will burst into song before you, and all the trees of the field will clap their hands. (13) Instead of the thornbush will grow the juniper, and instead of briers the myrtle will grow. This will be for the LORD's renown, for an everlasting sign, that will endure forever."

Isa 61:10-11 I delight greatly in the LORD; my soul rejoices in my God. For he has clothed me with garments of salvation and arrayed me in a robe of his righteousness, as a bridegroom adorns his head like a priest, and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels. (11) For as the soil makes the sprout come up and a garden causes seeds to grow, so the Sovereign LORD will make righteousness and praise spring up before all nations.

The Millennial Mountain of Jehovah's House

Passages referring to the Millennial Mountain (Isa 2:2-4, Isa 27:13, Isa 56:6-8, Isa 66:20, Mic 4:1-2, Eze 17:22-24, Eze 20:40-41, Eze 40:1-4, Eze 45:1-8, Eze 48:8-20)

The Millennial Temple

Passages referring to the Millennial Temple (Eze 37:26-28, Eze 40:5 to Eze 43:27). Also (Isa 60:13, Dan 9:24, Joel 3:18, Hag 2:7, Hag 2:9)

The Millennial System of Priesthood and Sacrifice

Passages referring to the system of priesthood and sacrifice (Eze 44:1 to Eze 46:24, Jer 3:16). Also (Isa 56:6-7, Isa 60:7, Isa 66:18-23, Jer 33:18, Mal 3:3-4, Zec 14:16-21)

Differences between Mosaic system of sacrifices and Millennial system of sacrifices.

Consecration of the Altar

Mosaic - Exo 29:1-37

Millennial - Eze 43:18-27


Mosaic - Anointing of the altar

Millennial - No anointing of the altar


Mosaic - Offered a bollock for a sin offering for all seven days

Millennial - Offered a bollock on the first day only


Mosaic - Offered no goat

Millennial - Offers goats for the last 6 days


Mosaic - Blood applied on the horns of the altar only.

Millennial - Applies bood on the horns, the corners, and upon the lower molding round about.


Mosaic - Burnt offering of a Ram every day

Millennial - Burnt offering of a Ram and a bollock every day


Mosaic - A Ram offered for the consecration of the priesthood

Millennial - No Ram offered for priesthood, only for the altar.

 

Mosaic - Ark of the Covenant

Millennial - No Ark of the Covenant


Entering the Holy of Holies

Mosaic - Only the High Priest could enter the Holy of Holies

Millennial - All priests will be able to enter the Holy of Holies (Eze 44:15-16)


Marriage

Mosaic - Rules of marriage only applicable to High Priest

Millennial - Rules of marriage applicable to all priests (Eze 44:22).


The First of Nisan

Mosaic - Not a special holy day

Millennial - Is a holy day (Eze 45:18)


The Blood of the Sin Offering

Mosaic - A male goat, disposed outside the camp

Millennial - A bullock, disposed inside the camp


Passover

Mosaic - One day festival,

Millennial - Seven day festival


Mosaic - an unblemished lamb

Millennial - a bullock


Mosaic - a family affair, head of household presiding

Millennial - the prince will perform the ritual on behalf of the nation (Eze 45:21-22).


Mosaic - A difference in the number of sacrifices (Num 28:16-24)

Millennial - ()


Feast of Tabernacles - (Eze 45:25)

Mosaic - an 8th day (Num 29:35-38)

Millennial - no 8th day


Mosaic - A difference in the number of sacrifices (Num 29:12-34)

Millennial - ()


Sabbath Offerings

Mosaic - 2 lambs and a ram (Num 28:9)

Millennial - 6 lambs and a ram - (Eze 46:4-5)


New Moon Offering

Mosaic - 2 bulls, one ram, seven lambs

Millennial - one bullock, six lambs, and one ram(Eze 46:6-7)


Daily Offering

Mosaic - two lambs each day, morning and evening (Exo 29:38-42, Num 28:3-4)

Millennial - one lamb each morning (Eze 46:13-15)


Daily Meal Offering

Mosaic - (Exo 29:40, Num 28:5)

Millennial -


Feast of Tabernacles

Mosaic - Mandatory for Jews only

Millennial - Mandatory for both Jews and Gentiles (Zec 14:16-21)


Priests

Mosaic - Only Jews could be priests (Isa 66:18-21)

Millennial - Jews and Gentiles can both serve as priests


Passages that refer to sacrifices in the Millennial Kingdom

Isa 66:20 And they will bring all your people, from all the nations, to my holy mountain in Jerusalem as an offering to the LORD--on horses, in chariots and wagons, and on mules and camels," says the LORD. "They will bring them, as the Israelites bring their grain offerings, to the temple of the LORD in ceremonially clean vessels.

Isa 56:7 these I will bring to my holy mountain and give them joy in my house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and sacrifices will be accepted on my altar; for my house will be called a house of prayer for all nations."

The Millennial River

Passages that refer to the Millennial River are (Eze 47:1-12, Joel 3:18, Zec 14:8)

Millennial Israel

Passages that refer to Millennial Israel are (Eze 47:13 to Eze 48:29)

Millennial Jerusalem

Passages that refer to Millennial Jerusalem are (Eze 48:30-35, Psa 48:1-13, Psa 87:1-7, Psa 122:1-9, Psa 147:2-3, Psa 147:12-14, Psa 147:15, Psa 147:19-21, Isa 1:26-27, Isa 4:3-6, Isa 14:32, Isa 33:20-24, Isa 54:1-2, Isa 52:7-10, Isa 60:10-14, Isa 62:1-12, Isa 65:18-19, Isa 66:10-14, Jer 3:17, Jer 31:6, Jer 31:38-40, Jer 33:9-11, Joel 3:17, Mic 4:6-8, Zep 3:14-17, Zec 1:14-17, Zec 2:1-5, Zec 2:10-12, Zec 8:1-8, Zec 8:20-22, Zec 14:9-11, Zec 14:20-21)

Gentiles in the Messianic Kingdom

General Characteristics

Isaiah is the key prophet that reveals the rold of the Gentiles in the Millennial Kingdom.

Isa 11:10 In that day the Root of Jesse will stand as a banner for the peoples; the nations will rally to him, and his resting place will be glorious.

Israel will possess he Gentiles, and the Gentiles will be their servants.

Isa 14:1-2 The LORD will have compassion on Jacob; once again he will choose Israel and will settle them in their own land. Foreigners will join them and unite with the descendants of Jacob. (2) Nations will take them and bring them to their own place. And Israel will take possession of the nations and make them male and female servants in the LORD's land. They will make captives of their captors and rule over their oppressors.

The Gentiles will receive justice from the King.

Isa 42:1 "Here is my servant, whom I uphold, my chosen one in whom I delight; I will put my Spirit on him, and he will bring justice to the nations.

The Messiah will be a light to the Gentiles.

Isa 49:5-7 And now the LORD says-- he who formed me in the womb to be his servant to bring Jacob back to him and gather Israel to himself, for I am honored in the eyes of the LORD and my God has been my strength-- (6) he says: "It is too small a thing for you to be my servant to restore the tribes of Jacob and bring back those of Israel I have kept. I will also make you a light for the Gentiles, that my salvation may reach to the ends of the earth." (7) This is what the LORD says-- the Redeemer and Holy One of Israel-- to him who was despised and abhorred by the nation, to the servant of rulers: "Kings will see you and stand up, princes will see and bow down, because of the LORD, who is faithful, the Holy One of Israel, who has chosen you."

Isa 56:1-8 This is what the LORD says: "Maintain justice and do what is right, for my salvation is close at hand and my righteousness will soon be revealed. (2) Blessed is the one who does this-- the person who holds it fast, who keeps the Sabbath without desecrating it, and keeps their hands from doing any evil." (3) Let no foreigner who is bound to the LORD say, "The LORD will surely exclude me from his people." And let no eunuch complain, "I am only a dry tree." (4) For this is what the LORD says: "To the eunuchs who keep my Sabbaths, who choose what pleases me and hold fast to my covenant-- (5) to them I will give within my temple and its walls a memorial and a name better than sons and daughters; I will give them an everlasting name that will endure forever. (6) And foreigners who bind themselves to the LORD to minister to him, to love the name of the LORD, and to be his servants, all who keep the Sabbath without desecrating it and who hold fast to my covenant-- (7) these I will bring to my holy mountain and give them joy in my house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and sacrifices will be accepted on my altar; for my house will be called a house of prayer for all nations." (8) The Sovereign LORD declares-- he who gathers the exiles of Israel: "I will gather still others to them besides those already gathered."

The Gentiles will have a place in the Temple worship.

Isa 66:18-24 "And I, because of what they have planned and done, am about to come and gather the people of all nations and languages, and they will come and see my glory. (19) "I will set a sign among them, and I will send some of those who survive to the nations--to Tarshish, to the Libyans and Lydians (famous as archers), to Tubal and Greece, and to the distant islands that have not heard of my fame or seen my glory. They will proclaim my glory among the nations. (20) And they will bring all your people, from all the nations, to my holy mountain in Jerusalem as an offering to the LORD--on horses, in chariots and wagons, and on mules and camels," says the LORD. "They will bring them, as the Israelites bring their grain offerings, to the temple of the LORD in ceremonially clean vessels. (21) And I will select some of them also to be priests and Levites," says the LORD. (22) "As the new heavens and the new earth that I make will endure before me," declares the LORD, "so will your name and descendants endure. (23) From one New Moon to another and from one Sabbath to another, all mankind will come and bow down before me," says the LORD. (24) "And they will go out and look on the dead bodies of those who rebelled against me; the worms that eat them will not die, the fire that burns them will not be quenched, and they will be loathsome to all mankind."

The Obligation to Observe the Feast of Tabernacles

Gentile nations will be obligated to observe the Feast of Tabernacles.

Zec 14:16-19 Then the survivors from all the nations that have attacked Jerusalem will go up year after year to worship the King, the LORD Almighty, and to celebrate the Festival of Tabernacles. (17) If any of the peoples of the earth do not go up to Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD Almighty, they will have no rain. (18) If the Egyptian people do not go up and take part, they will have no rain. The LORD will bring on them the plague he inflicts on the nations that do not go up to celebrate the Festival of Tabernacles. (19) This will be the punishment of Egypt and the punishment of all the nations that do not go up to celebrate the Festival of Tabernacles.


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